
Updated: 24th February 2023.
TITE, Sir William
b: 1798, Feb 7th
d: 1873, April 20th. (dod in the filename was 1874 from the executor
sale)
Cross references:
0pres_08_61;
0pres_70_10
Sir William Tite's watercolour of 'St. Augustine's Gate, Canterbury'
Sir William Tite had possession of a watercolour of St. Augustine's
Gate, Canterbury from at least 1871 to his executor sale in 1874. Having
regard to all the information available at February 2023 the most likely
origin of Tite's watercolour seems to be 'Christ Church Gate, Canterbury';
RA 1794 (388) ie: Tite et.al. misinterpreted the gate in his watercolour.
- Exhibited Burlington 1871 as
'St. Augustine's Gate, Canterbury' (No. 85 on page 75), signed W Turner;
width 16" x height 20½", said in the catalogue to be the
1793 exhibit.
- Exhibited Royal
Academy Old Masters (OM) 1873 No.384. 'St. Augustine's Gate,
Canterbury'. The OM catalogue confirms Sir William Tite as lender and
the size: 20½"x16" (h x w).
- Sold Christie's 4th July 1874, Lugt 35021, lot 3 as 'St. Augustine's
Gate, Canterbury', 'An early work' - no dimensions] Bought by Durlacher;
£158/11/- [Redford]
The dimensions of Tite's 'St. Augustine's Gate, Canterbury', as recorded
independently in two exhibitions, describes a portrait orientation. This
size and orientation is very close to 'Christ Church Gate, Canterbury'; RA
1794 (388) h. 20 1/8 x w. 15¾ inches as recorded by Wilton No. 53
page 306. It is possible that Tite misinterpreted the gate on his
watercolour as Wilton's No. 53 suggests. Tite's work does not match any of
the other reported sales or exhibitions of Turner's watercolours of this
subject.
- William Leaf lent 'Canterbury Gate' to London International in 1862
(No. 992).
His executors sold it; 35642, 1875-05-06 Christies, lot 380
dimensions height 10+ x width 9 inches
William leaf owned 'Canterbury Gate' from before 1862 to 1875 As
this overlaps with Tite's ownership of 'St. Augustine's Gate,
Canterbury' so they are different works. However, this, again, is
portrait orientation. His period of ownership also overlaps with the
Leitch watercolour below so 'Canterbury Gate' and 'Old Gate of
Canterbury' are also different works. The size and orientation of
William Leaf's work is different to the Yale/Mellon B1975.4.1764 so
these also are different works.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- William Leighton Leitch: Lugt 43740, March 17th 1884, Christie's, Lot
904; as 'Old Gate of Canterbury'; Seller Leitch; Bought by W.W.
[[uncertain as to whether or not this refers to Wheeler & Westoby]].
No dimensions given. [Graves gives the price at 16 guineas]
It is suggested by some analysts that this work is the same as the
Berthon sale below (Christie's 15th May 1891 lot 121). The only evidence
for this is the price.
- Berthon: A work sold at Christie's 15th May 1891 lot 121, 49989, as
'St. Augustine's Gate, Canterbury'. price: 19 guineas; seller Mrs. E. L.
Berthon. The buyer 'Nathan' [Graves] would appear to be Joseph Nathan,
27 Old Bond Street (Burlington Gallery).There are no dimensions in the
Berthon catalogue
Mrs. E. .L. Berthon's address is shown in the catalogue as 'Prince
of Wales Terrace' (Boyles 1886 directory shows the Berthon's at No. 2).
Wilton quotes this sale as part of the provenance of two
watercolours listed in his catalogue, Nos. 31 and 53. Obviously it
cannot be both.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Yale/Mellon, B1975.4.1962, as 'Saint Augustine's Gate, Canterbury';
Height: 13.5" (343mm); sheet; Width: 19.375" (492mm);
Signature: 'W Turner' lower right; Provenance: Bought by Paul Mellon
from Agnew 1962 (cover).
This is definitely Wilton's No. 33 'Saint Augustine's Gate,
Canterbury' the larger of the two Yale/Mellon watercolours.
Yale/Mellon suggest that this is the (possible) 1793 exhibit .
- Paul Mellon Yale/Mellon B1975.4.1764; again as 'Saint Augustine's
Gate, Canterbury'; dimensions: height 8¼ x width 10 5/8 inches.
The smaller of the two Yale/Mellon watercolours.
This cannot be Tite's watercolour because they are different sizes.
If the Leaf dimensions above are correct in orientation then this is not
the Leaf watercolour. This leaves open the possible Leitch - Berthon
succession which could be this Yale/Mellon watercolour.
Armstrong's Record
Armstrong,
page 245, (c 1902) describes Tite's watercolour from the details in the
Burlington 1871, Royal Academy OM 1873 and Christie's sale catalogue of
4th July 1874. Reference is aloso made to the Royal Academy Exhibition of
1793 but without the exhibit number. The only evidence that Tite's
watercolour was the 1793 exhibit is the entry in Burlington 1871.
Armstrong relies on records of Tite's watercolour and therefore continues
to misidentify the gate.
C. F. Bell's Record
C. F. Bell, No. 7 page 27, (c.1901) is
intended to be a record of the actual 1793 Royal Academy Exhibit. C. F.
Bell refers to the 1793 RA catalogue, the 1873 RA OM catalogue and
Christie's sale catalogue of 4th July 1874 including the price of £158/11/-;
thus far stating the provenance of Tite's watercolour and treating it as
the 1793 exhibit. However, C. F. Bell then adds the 1891 Berthon sale to
the provenance including the price of 19 guineas. The price difference
strongly suggests that the Tite and Berthon watercolours are different
works. C. F. Bell's entry for 'Gate of St. Augustine's Monastery,
Canterbury', like many of his other entries, is unreliable.
Wilton's Record
Wilton's record (c.1979) of Tite's watercolour is rather muddled in as
much as his main entry at No. 31 (on page 303) confuses Tite's watercolour
with the International
Exhibition catalogue of 1862 No. 992 an exhibit lent by William Leaf
which also appeared in Leaf's 1875 executors sale ('Canterbury Gate' 43740
1875-05-06 Christies, lot 380 dimensions height 10+" x width 9")
thus both overlapping Tite's loans and sale and being of a different size
to Tite's watercolour and therefore being an entirely different work.
Wilton's second entry for Tite's watercolour is his No. 53 on page 306.
This work is 'Christ Church Gate, Canterbury' where both Tite and Berthon
are quoted as its provenance. However, the size and orientation evidence
strongly supports Wilton's suggestion that the Tite provenance belongs to
'Christ Church Gate, Canterbury', No. 53.
First Owner of Tite's
"Gate of St.
Augustine's Monastery, Canterbury" or more likely 'Christ Church
Gate, Canterbury'
There is only one prime record that suggests that Tite's watercolour was
the 1793 exhibit. This is the Burlington
1871 which states, "probably the drawing exhibited at
the Royal Academy in 1793". This weak evidential link is outranked by
the size and orientation evidence.This needs to be
further researched particularly against the claim that the Yale/Mellon
version of 'Saint Augustine's Gate, Canterbury' B1975.4.1962, which can
confirmed as a factual painting of Saint Augustine's Gate by comparison
with modern photographs, was the 1793 exhibit. There are also claims that
Tite's and Yale/Mellon's works are the same watercolour drawing but they
are different sizes and different orientations (Tite: portrait,
Yale/Mellon: landscape).
Tite was born in 1798 and clearly cannot have been the first owner of
this watercolour (whether the 1793 exhibit or the 1794). Burlington 1871
above suggests a 1793 exhibit; therefore a 1792 work (so it must have
appeared to be a work of this period to those who saw it and compiled the
catalogue), the 1874 sale catalogue lists it as 'an early work'. Here is a
list of people so far considered as possible earlier owners of Tite's work
but more research is required:
- Rev. James Douglas - Turner's visit of September 1792 (if St.
Augustine's Gate); or 1793 if Christ Church Gate.
- Rev. Robert Nixon - Turner's visit of September 1792 (if St.
Augustine's Gate); or 1793 if Christ Church Gate.
- Dr. Richard Gem (c1717-1800) but just to note here that there is
no connection between Dr. Gem and Christie's sale of
27th April 1864 (Gem was great-uncle to William Huskisson MP, 1770-1830,
but the seller of the Turners and other works in 1864-04-27 was Leonard
Huskinson, no relation)
Tite Collection - Purchases, Sales, Exhibitions
A selection of transactions by Tite are recorded here and may be revised
from time to time. Tite was born in 1798 and could have started collecting
in the 1830's.
- 1868 Purchase of Clarkson Stanfield; 'On The Thames'; oil; £393/15/-;
seller: N.N.
Sources: Redford
- 1870 RA Exhibition Loan of Clarkson Stanfield,RA; 'Münchenden,
on the Zuider Zee'; Canvas 35.5"x 60"
Sources: Catalogue of the exhibition 'Works of the Old Masters,
associated with A Collection from the works of Charles Robert Leslie RA
and Clarkson Stanfield RA (1870)' printed by William Clowes and Sons.
Comments: No. 173; 'Lent by Sir William Tite, MP'
- 1870 RA Exhibition Loan of Clarkson Stanfield,RA; 'Moonlight'; Canvas
17"x 25.5"
Sources: Catalogue of the exhibition 'Works of the Old Masters,
associated with A Collection from the works of Charles Robert Leslie RA
and Clarkson Stanfield RA (1870)' printed by William Clowes and Sons.
Comments: No. 192; 'Lent by Sir William Tite, MP'
- 1871 Purchase of Clarkson Stanfield; 'Opening of London Bridge'; oil;
£200/-/-; seller: Cooper
Sources: Redford
- 1874 Sale of Clarkson Stanfield; 'Opening of New London Bridge
(sketch for picture in Queens College)'; oil; buyer: Brooks; £178/10/-
Sources: Redford
Comments: see below, 1876, sale bought in at exactly the same
price.
- 1874 Sale of Sir John Gilbert; 'Interior of St. Alban's Abbey';
watercolour; buyer: Noseda; £117/12/-
Sources: Redford, in which there are two identical entries for
this. (there is no entry in Graves)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- 1874 sold Christie's 4th July 1874, Lugt 35021, lot 3 as 'St.
Augustine's Gate, Canterbury', 'An early work' - no dimensions] Bought
by Durlacher; £158/11/- [Redford]. The first 20 lots in this sale
were described in the catalogue as 'a Portion of the Collection of the
late SIR WILLIAM TITE MP'
In Redford there are two entries
below this, 'The Rialto Venice' and 'Berwick on Tweed' no seller, no
buyer which could be Tite/Durlacher with ditto marks missing. These do
not appear in Christie's 4th July 1874, Lugt 35021.
- ---------------other sales after Tite's
death---------------------------
- 1876 Sale of Landseer; 'Portrait of a Dog'; oil; buyer: None; £420/-/-
Sources: Redford
- 1876 Sale of Landseer; 'Portrait of "Mettle"'; oil; buyer:
None; £277/5/-
Sources: Redford
- 1876 Sale of Sir G. Romney; 'Portrait of J.C. Pelham'; oil; Buyer:
None; £178/10/-
Sources: Redford
- 1876 Sale of Clarkson Stanfield; 'Opening of London Bridge'; oil;
Buyer: None; £178/10/-
Sources: Redford